Imwe ruzivo nezve mota jenareta uye bhatiri

Matambudziko ekuchaja bhatiri remota anogona kupfupikiswa sezvizvi, mushure mekunzwisisa izvi, iwe uchave nekunzwisisa kwakawanda kwekugadzira magetsi emotokari, kuchaja bhatiri uye mashandisiro emagetsi.

1. Motokari inotyaira jenareta kugadzira magetsi

Injini yemotokari haingoshandiswi kutyaira mota chete, asiwo kusimbisa masisitimu mazhinji pamotokari. Injini ye crankshaft ine magumo maviri, imwe mugumo yakabatana neflywheel, iyo inoda kubatanidzwa ne gearbox kutyaira motokari. Imwe magumo inoburitswa ne crankshaft pulley kutyaira zvimwe zvekushandisa. Semuyenzaniso, crankshaft pulley mumufananidzo uri pamusoro inotyaira jenareta, compressor, simba rekufambisa pombi, pombi yemvura inotonhorera uye zvimwe zvikamu kuburikidza nebhandi kuti ipe simba kwavari. Saka chero bedzi injini iri kushanda, jenareta inogona kugadzira magetsi uye kuchaja bhatiri.

2. Jenereta yemotokari inogona kugadzirisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi

Isu tese tinoziva kuti musimboti wejenareta ndeyekuti coil inocheka iyo magineti induction mutsara kuti igadzire ikozvino, uye nekukurumidza iyo coil kumhanya, iyo yakakura ikozvino uye voltage. Uye kumhanya kweinjini kubva pakumhanya kwemazana akati wandei kusvika kuzviuru zvakati wandei rpm, nguva yacho yakakura kwazvo, saka pane chigadziriso chiri pajenareta kuona kuti yakatsiga voltage inogona kubuda nekumhanya kwakasiyana, inova voltage regulator. Iko hakuna magineti echigarire mujenareta yemotokari. Izvo zvinoenderana nekoiri kugadzira iyo magnetic field. Rotor ye generator ndiyo coil inogadzira iyo magnetic field. Kana jenareta iri kushanda, bhatiri rinotanga kuisa magetsi rotor coil (inonzi excitation current) kuti ibudise magnetic field, uye kana rotor inotenderera, inobudisa magnetic field inotenderera uye inogadzira magetsi emagetsi mu stator coil. Kana injini inomhanya ichiwedzera uye magetsi anowedzera, iyo voltage regulator inobvisa rotor ikozvino, kuitira kuti rotor magnetic field inopera zvishoma nezvishoma uye simba harisimuki.

3. Motokari dzinoshandisa mafuta pamwe chete nemagetsi

Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti jenareta yemotokari iri kushanda nejini, saka inogara ichigadzira magetsi, saka hazvidikanwi kuishandisa pasina. Kutaura zvazviri, pfungwa iyi haina kururama. Iyo jenareta yemotokari inotenderera neinjini nguva dzese, asi chizvarwa chemagetsi chinogona kugadziriswa. Kana simba rekushandisa riri shoma, jenareta ichaita simba shoma. Panguva ino, kurwisana kwejenereta kuduku uye kushandiswa kwemafuta kwakaderera. Kana simba rekushandisa rakakura, jenareta inoda kuwedzera simba rekugadzira. Panguva ino, iyo coil magnetic field inosimbiswa, iyo inobuda ikozvino inowedzera, uye kutenderera kunopesana kwejini kunowedzerawo. Zvechokwadi, ichapedza mafuta akawanda. Muenzaniso wakapfava ndewekubatidza mwenje wemberi kana uchingoregera. Chaizvoizvo, iyo injini yekumhanyisa ichachinja zvishoma. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kubatidza mwenje kunowedzera simba rekushandisa, izvo zvichawedzera simba rekugadzira jenareta, izvo zvichawedzera mutoro weinjini, kuitira kuti kumhanya kuchinjike.

4. Magetsi anobva mujenereta anoshandiswa mukushanda kwemotokari

Vanhu vazhinji vane mubvunzo uyu: isimba rinodyiwa nemotokari rinomhanya kubva kubhatiri kana jenareta? Kutaura zvazviri, mhinduro yacho iri nyore kwazvo. Chero bedzi magetsi emotokari yako asina kuchinjwa, simba rejenareta rinoshandiswa mukushanda kwemotokari. Nekuda kwekuti magetsi ejenareta akakwira zvakanyanya kudarika bhatiri voltage, zvimwe midziyo yemagetsi mumotokari uye bhatiri ndezvemutoro. Bhatiri haigone kubuda kunyangwe ichida kubuda. Kunyangwe bhatiri razara chaji, yakaenzana nehombe Iri capacitance chete. Ehe, iyo jenareta yekudzora system yedzimwe mota yakawedzera, uye ichatonga kana simba rejenareta kana bhatiri rinoshandiswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Semuenzaniso, kana bhatiri razara zvakakwana, jenareta inomira kushanda uye inoshandisa simba rebheteri, iyo inogona kuchengetedza mafuta. Kana simba rebhatiri radonha kusvika padanho rakati kana bhureki kana injini bhureki ikaiswa, jenareta inotanga kuchaja bhatiri.

5. Battery voltage

Mota dzepamba dzinenge dziri 12V magetsi system. Bhatiri iri 12V, asi kubuda kwemagetsi ejenareta anenge 14.5V. Zvinoenderana nechiyero chenyika, magetsi anobuda e12V jenareta anofanira kunge ari 14.5V ± 0.25V. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti jenareta inoda kuchaja bhatiri, saka voltage inofanira kunge yakakwira. Kana iyo yakabuda voltage yejenareta iri 12V, bhatiri harigone kubhadhariswa. Naizvozvo, zvakajairika kuyera bhatiri voltage pa 14.5V ± 0.25V kana mota ichimhanya isingaite. Kana iyo voltage yakaderera, zvinoreva kuti kushanda kwejenereta kuchaderera uye bhatiri inogona kutambura nekurasikirwa kwesimba. Kana yakanyanyisa, inogona kupisa midziyo yemagetsi. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuita kwakanaka kwekutanga, voltage yebhatiri remotokari haifanire kunge yakaderera kupfuura 12.5V munzvimbo yemoto. Kana iyo voltage yakaderera pane iyi kukosha, inogona kutungamirira kune kuoma kutanga. Panguva ino, zvinoreva kuti bhatiri harina kukwana uye rinoda kuchajwa nenguva. Kana iyo voltage ichiri kutadza kuzadzisa zvinodiwa mushure mekuchaja, zvinoreva kuti bhatiri harisi kushanda.

6. Inguva yakareba sei iyo motokari inogona kumhanya kuzadza bhatiri

Handifungi kuti nyaya iyi inokosha, nokuti bhatiri yemotokari haifaniri kubhadharwa zvakakwana chero nguva ipi zvayo, chero bedzi isingakanganisi kutanga uye kubuda kwakanyanya. Nekuti mota inongopedza simba rebhatiri panguva yekutanga injini, inochajwa nguva dzese uchityaira, uye simba rinopedzwa panguva yekutanga rinogona kuzadzikiswa mumaminitsi mashanu, uye mamwe anowanikwa. Kureva kuti, chero ukasatyaira kwechinhambwe chipfupi chete kwemaminetsi mashoma zuva rega rega, saka haufanirwe kunetseka nezvekusagutsikana kwekuchaja kwebhatiri. Mune ruzivo rwangu, chero bedzi bhatiri risina kubviswa, hapana chichaitika Iri dambudziko risingagoni kugadziriswa nekuita idling kwehafu yeawa. Ehe, hazvigoneke kuwana data rakarurama. Semuenzaniso, kana jenareta yemotokari ichiita, iyo yakabuda ikozvino ndeye 10a, uye simba rebheteri i60 A. kana chaiyo yekuchaja ikozvino 6a, nguva yekuchaja i60 / 6 * 1.2 = maawa gumi nemaviri. Kuwedzera ne 1.2 ndiko kufunga kuti bhatiri yekuchaja ikozvino haigone kugadziriswa nekuchinja kwemagetsi. Asi nzira iyi inongova mhedzisiro yakaoma.